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在上篇文章中，我們講到區塊鏈技術有助於保障穩定幣的透明與可追溯性同時可以確保資料不可篡改有助於維護幣值信任，那麼具體什麼是區塊鏈呢？（In the previous article, we mentioned that blockchain technology helps ensure the transparency and traceability of stablecoins, while also guaranteeing that data cannot be tampered with, which is conducive to maintaining trust in the currency's value. So, what exactly is blockchain）
其實啊，區塊鏈是一種分佈式記帳技術，核心是通過多個節點共同記錄資訊，形成不可篡改的鏈式資料結構。（Actually, blockchain is a distributed accounting technology. Its core lies in recording information collectively through multiple nodes, forming an immutable chain-like data structure.）
為大家舉一個簡單的例子，理解它為什麼能做到“分佈式、不可篡改”（Let me give you a simple example to understand why it can achieve "distribution and immutability”）
想像一個場景：村裡有100戶人家，以前記村裡的收支帳全靠村會計一個人（中心化），他改帳、記錯帳都可能發生而區塊鏈的做法是：每筆收支發生時，全村100戶都同時記下來（分佈式節點），且每戶的帳本都長得一樣。如果有人想改帳（比如偷偷加一筆收入），他必須說服至少51戶人家同時改自己的帳本——這在100戶的規模下幾乎不可能，所以帳就沒法改了（不可篡改）。（Imagine a scenario: There are 100 households in a village. In the past, the village's income and expenditure accounts were recorded solely by the village accountant (centralization), and there was a possibility that he could alter or make mistakes in the accounts. However, blockchain works like this: when each income or expenditure occurs, all 100 households in the village record it simultaneously (distributed nodes), and each household's account book is identical. If someone wants to alter the accounts (such as secretly adding an income), he must persuade at least 51 households to change their own account books at the same time — which is almost impossible with 100 households, so the accounts cannot be altered (immutable).）
技術細節：“塊”和“鏈”怎麼運作？（Technical details:How do "blocks"and"chain" work?)
“塊”：每筆新交易不會單獨記錄，而是和一段時間內的其他交易打包成一個“資料區塊”。每個塊會生成一個唯一的“指紋”（雜湊值），就像快遞單號，能唯一標識這個塊裡的內容。("Block": Each new transaction is not recorded individually but is packaged into a "data block" with other transactions within a certain period. Each block generates a unique "fingerprint" (hash value), just like an express delivery tracking number, which can uniquely identify the content in the block.)
“鏈”：每個新塊的“指紋”會包含上一個塊的“指紋”。比如第2塊的指紋裡有第1塊的資訊，第3塊有第2塊的資訊……形成鏈條。如果有人改了第1塊的內容，它的指紋會變，第2塊、第3塊的指紋也會跟著失效，全網都會發現異常。("Chain": The "fingerprint" of each new block contains the "fingerprint" of the previous block. For example, the fingerprint of Block 2 contains information from Block 1, the fingerprint of Block 3 contains information from Block 2... forming a chain. If someone alters the content of Block 1, its fingerprint will change, and the fingerprints of Block 2 and Block 3 will also become invalid, and the entire network will detect the abnormality.)
為什麼說它“透明可追溯”？(Why is it said to be "transparent and traceable"?)
還是用村裡的例子：每戶的帳本都能互相看（公開透明），每筆帳都按時間順序記，前面的帳影響後面的帳（鏈式結構）。那怕過了10年，想查某筆錢的來龍去脈，順著帳本從頭捋就能找到，沒法隱瞞。(Using the village example again: Each household's account book can be viewed by others (open and transparent), and each transaction is recorded in chronological order. The previous transactions affect the subsequent ones (chain structure). Even after 10 years, if you want to check the origin and flow of a certain sum of money, you can find it by going through the account book from the beginning, with no way to hide it.)
總結來說，區塊鏈的核心不是“技術多複雜”，而是用“集體監督+數學規則”替代了傳統的“中心化信任”，讓資料從“少數人說了算”變成“大家共同認可才算數”。(In summary, the core of blockchain is not "how complex the technology is", but replacing the traditional "centralized trust" with "collective supervision + mathematical rules", making data change from "being decided by a few people" to "being valid only when recognized by everyone".) (Global business time)