就在昨日(2026年1月15日),國務院新聞辦公室舉行新聞發佈會,由央行副行長鄒瀾宣佈推出八項結構性貨幣政策工具調整措施。On January 15, 2026, the State Council Information Office held a press conference, where Zou Lan, Vice Governor of the People's Bank of China, announced eight adjustment measures for structural monetary policy tools.整體來看,這些政策目的在於要進一步通過精準滴灌,支援實體經濟。對比2025年的做法,雖然延續了之前的適度寬鬆基調,但不同的是,這一次主要強調對經濟薄弱環節和戰略領域的支援。可以說,這一次官方表達了對實體經濟的重視,引導資金流向高效率、高潛力的行業。Overall, these policies aim to further support the real economy via targeted precision measures. While maintaining the moderately accommodative stance adopted in 2025, this round of adjustments places greater emphasis on shoring up economic weak links and strategic sectors. In essence, the authorities have underscored the priority of the real economy, guiding capital flows into high-efficiency, high-potential industries.(圖片來自網路)此次政策調整的特點在於精準直擊經濟關鍵領域與薄弱環節,主要覆蓋民營經濟、科技創新、綠色轉型、消費養老等領域。The policy adjustments are characterized by targeted support for the economy's key sectors and weak links, covering private economy, technological innovation, green transition, consumption and elderly care.一是通過下調利率來降低融資成本。央行將各類再貸款一年期利率從1.5%下調至1.25%,其他期限同步調整。這是繼2025年5月後的第二次結構性降息,直接降低銀行從央行獲取資金的成本。就像支農支小再貸款利率下調後,商業銀行向小微企業、三農領域發放貸款的利率有望進一步下行,這將顯著降低實體經濟的綜合融資成本。Firstly, financing costs are cut via interest rate reductions. The central bank lowered the one-year interest rate on various re-lending facilities from 1.5% to 1.25%, with synchronous adjustments to other tenors. This marks the second structural rate cut following the one in May 2025, directly reducing the cost for banks to access funds from the central bank. For instance, the rate cut on re-lending for agriculture and small businesses is expected to further drive down lending rates offered by commercial banks to micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) and the rural sector, significantly lowering the overall financing costs of the real economy.二是通過擴容額度來加強資金供給。未來將合併使用支農支小再貸款與再貼現額度,並且將新增5000億元支農支小再貸款額度,同時特別單設1兆元民營企業再貸款。為的就是要針對性解決民營企業融資難題,尤其是中小民營企業。特別是設立民營企業再貸款的舉措,將通過低成本資金引導信貸資源向民營經濟傾斜。Secondly, capital supply is boosted through quota expansion. Going forward, the quotas for agricultural and small-business re-lending and rediscounting will be merged, with an additional 500 billion yuan allocated to agricultural and small-business re-lending, and a separate 1 trillion yuan earmarked specifically for private enterprise re-lending. These measures aim to address the financing challenges faced by private enterprises, especially small and medium-sized ones. Notably, the dedicated re-lending quota for private enterprises will channel credit resources toward the private sector through low-cost funding.三是拓展支援領域,並覆蓋戰略新興產業。未來將科技創新和技術改造再貸款額度從8000億元增至1.2兆元,並將民營中小企業納入支援範圍。同時,將碳減排支援工具拓展到節能改造、綠色升級等領域。也在服務消費與養老再貸款的支援領域中納入健康產業。這些調整與“雙碳”目標、健康中國戰略等國家長期規劃深度契合,目的是為產業升級提供金融動能。Thirdly, support coverage is expanded to embrace strategic emerging industries. The quota for re-lending to technological innovation and upgrading is increased from 800 billion yuan to 1.2 trillion yuan, with private MSMEs included in the support scope. Meanwhile, the carbon reduction support tool is extended to cover energy-saving renovation and green upgrading, and the health industry is added to the sectors supported by consumption and elderly care re-lending. These adjustments are highly aligned with national long-term initiatives such as the "dual carbon" goals and the Healthy China strategy, aiming to provide financial impetus for industrial upgrading.一是將實質性改善民營經濟的融資環境。這一次,單設1兆元民營企業再貸款是新政策最大的亮點。在此之前,民營企業債券融資支援工具與科技創新債券風險分擔工具已經合併管理,並提供2000億元再貸款額度。這一次通過再貸款擴容,進一步降低民營企業發債成本,緩解當前“融資難、融資貴”的難題。Firstly, it will substantially improve the financing environment for the private economy. The standout feature of the new policy is the earmarking of a separate 1 trillion yuan re-lending quota for private enterprises. Prior to this, the private enterprise bond financing support tool and the technological innovation bond risk-sharing tool had already been consolidated under unified management, with a 200 billion yuan re-lending quota allocated. This round of re-lending quota expansion will further lower the bond issuance costs of private enterprises and alleviate their current financing difficulties and high costs.二是科技創新領域,研發投入將獲得長期資金支援。這次科技創新和技術改造再貸款額度增加了4000億元,將直接推動半導體、人工智慧、生物醫藥等硬科技領域的發展。以半導體行業為例,某企業通過再貸款獲得低成本資金,用於擴大12英吋晶圓產能,政策支援下擴產周期或將縮短6個月,產能釋放速度提升30%。Secondly, the sci-tech innovation sector will secure long-term funding support for R&D investment. The 400 billion yuan quota increase for the sci-tech innovation and technological upgrading re-lending facility will directly fuel the development of hard-tech sectors such as semiconductors, artificial intelligence and biomedicine. Take the semiconductor industry as an example: a company accessing low-cost funds via this re-lending tool to expand its 12-inch wafer production capacity could see its expansion cycle shortened by 6 months and capacity release speed boosted by 30% with policy backing.三是綠色轉型領域,拓寬了碳減排項目融資管道。碳減排支援工具納入能源綠色低碳轉型項目後,風電、太陽能、儲能等領域的投資回報率將進一步提升。據測算,政策調整後,一個100MW太陽能項目的內部收益率(IRR)可能從6.5%提高到7.2%,能夠吸引更多社會資本參與綠色投資。Thirdly, the green transition sector gains broader financing channels for carbon reduction projects. With the carbon reduction support tool extended to cover energy green and low-carbon transition projects, the return on investment (ROI) of wind power, photovoltaic and energy storage sectors will be further enhanced. According to estimates, after the policy adjustment, the internal rate of return (IRR) of a 100MW photovoltaic project could rise from 6.5% to 7.2%, attracting more social capital to green investments.四是消費與養老領域,健康產業正在成為新增長點。服務消費與養老再貸款納入健康產業後,將直接惠及醫療裝置、康復服務、老年用品等細分領域。假設某醫療器械企業通過再貸款獲得資金,政策支援下其產品定價如果能降低15%,那麼市場滲透率有望從5%提升到10%以上。Fourthly, the consumption and elderly care sector is seeing the health industry emerge as a new growth driver. Including the health industry in the consumption and elderly care re-lending scope will directly benefit sub-sectors like medical equipment, rehabilitation services and elderly products. For instance, if a medical device enterprise accessing re-lending funds cuts its product prices by 15% with policy support, its market penetration rate is expected to surge from 5% to over 10%.從經濟影響來看,短期內,政策或將有效提振市場信心,緩解融資約束,啟動內需,穩定增長。政策通過降低融資成本和擴容信貸額度,直接刺激企業投資和居民消費。例如,民營企業再貸款的落地將緩解中小微企業資金壓力,推動其擴大生產、增加就業;而消費領域再貸款的支援將促進健康、養老等服務業發展,釋放消費潛力。In terms of economic impact, the policies are expected to effectively boost market confidence, ease financing constraints, stimulate domestic demand and stabilize growth in the short run. By lowering financing costs and expanding credit quotas, the policies will directly spur corporate investment and household consumption. For example, the rollout of re-lending for private enterprises will ease funding pressures on micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), driving them to expand production and create more jobs; meanwhile, re-lending support for the consumption sector will boost the development of health, elderly care and other service industries, unlocking consumption potential.從長期來看,政策對科技創新、綠色轉型等領域的傾斜,將加速新舊動能轉換。就像綠色轉型領域,碳減排支援工具的拓展或將推動能源結構從化石能源向可再生能源轉型,預計到2030年,非化石能源佔一次能源消費比重將從目前的18%提升至25%。同時,科技創新再貸款的擴容將助力國內企業在全球科技競爭中佔據更有利位置,顯著增強半導體、人工智慧等領域的自主可控能力。In the long run, the policy tilt toward sci-tech innovation and green transition will accelerate the shift from old to new growth drivers. Take the green transition sector: the expansion of carbon reduction support tools is set to drive the energy structure shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy, with the share of non-fossil energy in primary energy consumption projected to rise from the current 18% to 25% by 2030. At the same time, the expanded re-lending quota for sci-tech innovation will help domestic enterprises gain a more favorable footing in global technological competition, significantly enhancing the independent controllability of sectors like semiconductors and artificial intelligence.同時,也會提高資金使用效率,避免資金空轉。在政策中,雖然增加了再貸款額度,但也要求商業銀行將資金專項用於政策鼓勵領域,並通過債券風險分擔工具、匯率避險產品等配套措施,防範金融風險。Furthermore, the policies will improve capital efficiency and prevent idle fund circulation. Despite expanding re-lending quotas, they require commercial banks to earmark funds exclusively for policy-prioritized sectors, and guard against financial risks through supporting measures including bond risk-sharing tools and exchange rate hedging products. (無界社 Economic Views)