10月23日,二十屆四中全會舉辦完成,會議審議通過了《中共中央關於制定國民經濟和社會發展第十五個五年規劃的建議》。在此之前,很多人預期此次十五五規劃將與現代化產業體系有關,這裡面蘊藏著經濟社會發展方向。但是小編觀測到其中還是有個意外的地方,就是產業的提法和側重點有了巨大的轉變。不像以往常常提到人工智慧、積體電路、生物醫藥這些先導產業,而是更聚焦在具體賽道上,甚至非常明確地點名“要推動量子科技、生物製造、氫能和核聚變能、腦機介面、具身智能、第六代移動通訊(即6G)等成為新的經濟增長點”。提法從相對寬泛的產業轉為非常具體的賽道,小編認為,這是一個非常重要的訊號,意味著國家已經“想得非常清楚”,在眾多先導產業和重點產業中,未來的國家扶持資源將更聚焦在這六個賽道上,發力點非常明確。對於投資者而言,這也將是未來的投資首選。但是,雖然同樣為重點,這六個賽道因當前技術成熟度、市場基礎不同,產業規模爆發的節奏還是會有差異。小編預測,具身智能與6G或許有望率先領跑,生物製造緊隨其後,而量子科技等則需要突破一定瓶頸後才能發力上揚。(圖片來自網路)On October 23, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee concluded, adopting the "Suggestions on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development". Previously, many expected the 15th Five-Year Plan to focus on the modern industrial system, which signals the direction of economic and social development.However, an unexpected shift is evident in the statement and focus of industries. Unlike before, when leading industries like AI, integrated circuits, and biomedicine were emphasized, the plan now zeroes in on specific areas, explicitly naming "quantum technology, biological manufacturing, hydrogen and nuclear fusion energy, brain-computer interfaces, embodied intelligence, and 6G as new economic growth points".This shift from broad industries to specific tracks is a significant signal, indicating the state's clear vision. Among numerous leading and key industries, future support will be concentrated on these six areas, offering clear direction for investors.Nevertheless, due to varying technological maturity and market bases, the six areas will experience different growth rhythms. It is predicted that embodied intelligence and 6G may take the lead, followed by biological manufacturing, while quantum technology and others will require breakthroughs before rapid development.從當前情況來看,具身智能跟6G的產業基礎紮實,並且已經有了清晰的商業化路徑,或將在“十五五”期間率先成為兌現增長的賽道。普通人可以重點關注產業鏈中下游機會。1、具身智能依託機器人產業基礎,具身智能已經實現了從實驗室階段到產業應用場景的關鍵突破。當前,在資本市場上,具身智能的吸金熱度空前暴漲。今年初到8月,機器人產業一級市場融資額已經達到386.24億元,是2024年全年的1.8倍。從資本佈局來看,覆蓋了全產業鏈,特別是上游中瞄準機器人大模型和核心部件,下游瞄準物流、養老等應用場景。服務型機器人企業的融資頻次顯著提升,像自變數機器人、銀河通用機器人等企業單次融資超過5億元,最高達到11億元。從市場來看,人形機器人在不斷探索汽車製造、電力巡檢這些高價值場景,智元機器人等頭部企業已經獲得億元級大訂單。預計到2029年,國內產業規模將達到750億元。對於投資者而言,可以優先關注產業鏈核心環節,特別是機器人大模型研發,以及伺服電機、感測器等高精度零部件的相關企業。另外,也可以考慮主題型金融產品,如聚焦人工智慧與高端製造的ETF聯接基金,這樣可以分散單一企業技術迭代的風險。2、6G6G是數字經濟的“底層基座”,可以支撐天地一體化通訊、全息互動等場景需求,與具身智能、工業網際網路等產業存在強協同性。從資本佈局來看,已經從技術研發覆蓋到基礎設施,像南京、青島等地的6G試驗網建設吸引了通訊巨頭和投資機構的聯合投資。從趨勢來看,預計到2030年,6G將帶動衛星網際網路等關聯產業規模突破千億元。對於投資者而言,可以優先關注兩個方向,一是上游中通訊晶片、射頻器件等核心硬體領域的頭部企業,二是下游中衛星網際網路終端應用的相關企業。接下來一段時期,隨著產業鏈成熟化,應用端有望率先迎來爆發式增長。Currently, embodied intelligence and 6G have solid industrial foundations and clear commercialization paths, and may take the lead as growth-delivering sectors during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. The general public can focus on opportunities in the mid-to-downstream of their industrial chains.1. Embodied Intelligence. Built on the robotics industry, embodied intelligence has made key breakthroughs from the laboratory to real-world industrial applications. Its capital appeal is unprecedented: from the start of this year to August, primary market financing for the robotics industry reached 38.624 billion yuan, 1.8 times the total of 2024.Capital covers the entire industrial chain—upstream focusing on robotic large models and core components, downstream targeting scenarios like logistics and elderly care. Service robot firms see far more frequent financing: companies like Zibianliang Robotics and Yinhe General Robotics secured over 500 million yuan per round, with a maximum of 1.1 billion yuan. In the market, humanoid robots are exploring high-value scenarios such as auto manufacturing and power inspection, and leading firms like Zhiyuan Robotics have won 100-million-yuan-level orders. The domestic industrial scale is expected to hit 75 billion yuan by 2029.For investors, prioritize core chain links: firms in robotic large model R&D and high-precision components (e.g., servo motors, sensors). Thematic financial products like ETF-linked funds focusing on AI and high-end manufacturing are also options to mitigate risks from single-enterprise tech iterations.2. 6G. As the "underlying infrastructure" of the digital economy, 6G supports scenarios like space-air-ground integrated communications and holographic interaction, with strong synergy with industries such as embodied intelligence and industrial internet. Capital has expanded from R&D to infrastructure: 6G test network projects in Nanjing and Qingdao have attracted joint investments from telecom giants and institutions. It is projected that by 2030, 6G will drive the scale of related industries (e.g., satellite internet) to exceed 100 billion yuan.Investors should focus on two areas: 1) upstream leading firms in core hardware like communication chips and RF devices; 2) downstream enterprises in satellite internet terminal applications. In the coming period, as the industrial chain matures, the application end is expected to see explosive growth first.生物製造在政策與市場的雙重驅動下,正在從培育期向成長期跨越,比較適合追求中長期穩健回報的投資者。從產業基礎來看,中國在合成生物學、生物發酵等領域已經形成核心技術儲備,政策導向也聚焦在加速成果轉化上。2024年,中國在研新藥數量躍升到全球第二位,高端醫療器械等細分領域企業達53.4萬家,各地產業叢集效應顯著。從趨勢來看,預計未來5到10年進入規模增長期,生物製造在醫藥、新材料、綠色化工等領域的應用將持續擴容,到2030年市場規模將突破1.8兆。基因治療、細胞治療等前沿領域或將出現顛覆性突破。對於投資者而言,建議做三類配置。一是可以關注具備自主研發能力的創新藥企及高端醫療器械企業,這類企業將長期受益於全民健康需求。二是可以佈局合成生物學、生物降解材料等政策重點扶持領域。三是關注基因與細胞治療、消費醫療等熱點領域。Driven by both policy and market, bio-manufacturing is moving from the cultivation to growth stage, ideal for investors seeking steady medium-to-long-term returns.In terms of industrial foundation, China has core technological reserves in synthetic biology and bio-fermentation, with policies focusing on accelerating achievement transformation. In 2024, China’s number of under-development new drugs ranked 2nd globally; there were 534,000 enterprises in segments like high-end medical devices, with notable industrial cluster effects nationwide. It’s projected to enter a scale growth period in the next 5-10 years: bio-manufacturing applications in pharmaceuticals, new materials and green chemicals will expand continuously, with market scale exceeding 1.8 trillion yuan by 2030. Frontier areas like gene and cell therapy may see disruptive breakthroughs.For investors, three allocations are recommended: 1) Innovative pharmaceutical and high-end medical device firms with independent R&D capabilities, which will benefit long-term from national health demands. 2) Policy-supported fields like synthetic biology and biodegradable materials. 3) Hot areas including gene/cell therapy and consumer healthcare.量子科技、氫能與核聚變能、腦機介面三大產業具備顛覆性潛力,但現階段而言,技術成熟度不高,商業化應用還未完全實現,因此,在短期內,產業規模很難有大的爆發,更適合風險承受能力強的長期投資者。1、量子科技中國在量子通訊等領域已形成領先優勢,但核心器件國產化率低、成本高,缺乏大規模商業化應用場景,目前還是以基礎研究為主。從資金佈局來看,“京滬幹線”在金融、政務領域的應用吸引了一定的資金,像合肥集聚了超90家量子企業、擁有超2000件專利。從周期來看,資本以長期佈局為主,預計2025年投資增速將超25%。從趨勢來看,“十五五”期間,相關產業有望在金融加密、精密測量等細分場景實現突破,但要形成百億級的產業規模或許還是需要更長時間。對於投資者而言,可以採取“少量佈局、長期持有”策略,關注量子通訊裝置及量子計算核心部件領域的龍頭企業,觀察這類企業在技術突破後的市場先機。2、氫能與核聚變能氫能與核聚變能的吸金能力主要受制於技術和成本。當前,氫能領域已經形成了制氫、儲氫、運氫、加氫的產業鏈,但是制氫、儲運環節的技術瓶頸還沒突破,基礎設施建設滯後。儘管廣州等部分城市在積極佈局,但大規模商業化還需要政策資源來輸血。而核聚變能處於實驗堆研發階段,資金主要來自國家專項和科研院所,市場化融資規模有限。從趨勢來看,“十五五”期間,氫能或許在交通、工業等領域能夠實現示範應用。對於投資者而言,可以關注氫能儲運裝置及燃料電池核心材料企業。3、腦機介面腦機介面主要受制於技術和倫理的瓶頸。目前,在醫療康復等領域已經開展試點應用,但訊號解碼精度有限、跨學科協同不足等技術問題還沒有攻克,而且倫理和監管體系尚未完善,商業化處理程序非常緩慢。當前的融資也主要發生在醫療剛需場景。未來,“十五五”期間,殘障輔助、神經疾病治療等醫療場景或許能實現突破,但大規模消費級應用還需要很長時間。對於投資者而言,可以關注醫療端應用企業,這類企業的政策支援明確,商業化路徑相對清晰。但由於產業不確定性高,建議通過科創主題基金間接參與。Quantum technology, hydrogen & nuclear fusion energy, and brain-computer interfaces (BCI) have disruptive potential. However, with low current tech maturity and unfulfilled commercialization, their scale won’t surge short-term—suitable only for long-term investors with high risk tolerance.1. Quantum Technology. China leads in quantum communication, but faces low localization of core components, high costs, and lack of large-scale commercial scenarios, focusing mainly on basic research. "Beijing-Shanghai Trunk Line" attracted capital in finance and government services; Hefei gathered over 90 quantum firms and 2,000+ patents. Capital focuses on long-term layout, with investment growth expected to exceed 25% in 2025. During the 15th Five-Year Plan, breakthroughs may occur in financial encryption and precision measurement, but a 10-billion-yuan scale will take longer. Investors: Adopt "small-position, long-hold" strategy; focus on leaders in quantum communication equipment and quantum computing core components, and monitor their market opportunities post-tech breakthroughs.2. Hydrogen & Nuclear Fusion Energy. Their capital appeal is limited by tech and cost. Hydrogen industry has a complete chain (production, storage, transportation, refueling), but bottlenecks remain in production/storage-transportation, with lagging infrastructure. Despite layouts in Guangzhou, large-scale commercialization needs policy support. Nuclear fusion is in experimental reactor R&D, with funds mostly from state grants and research institutes, and limited market financing. During the 15th Five-Year Plan, hydrogen may see demo applications in transportation and industry. Investors: Focus on firms in hydrogen storage-transportation equipment and fuel cell core materials.3. Brain-Computer Interface (BCI). BCI is constrained by tech and ethical bottlenecks. Pilot applications exist in medical rehabilitation, but issues like low signal decoding accuracy and insufficient interdisciplinary collaboration persist; ethics and supervision systems are incomplete, slowing commercialization. Financing centers on medical needs. During the 15th Five-Year Plan, breakthroughs may happen in disability assistance and neurological treatment, but mass consumer applications are far off. Investors: Focus on medical application firms (clear policy support and commercial paths). Due to high uncertainty, participate indirectly via sci-tech innovation theme funds. (無界社Economic Views)